Although it is not the only way to plan a lesson, the 5-step lesson plan is the most commonly used form of lesson planning. It includes the opening, the I Do, We Do, You Do, and the closing. This is based on the notion of a gradual release of responsibility. Using the theory from Pearson & Gallagher (1983), this is an "instructional framework purposefully shifts the cognitive load from teacher-as-model, to joint responsibility of teacher and learner, to independent practice and application by the learner" (Fisher & Frey).
Opening
The opening of the lesson plan typically includes a prelude to the lesson. Mostly, this comes in the form of a hook, which is used to engage students from the start, as the name implies.
The opening of the lesson plan can also include a behaviour narration, which brings the focus of the student in attention. Here, the teacher can say, "I love how [student name] is sitting and ready to start the listen." If a particular student is not listening then the teacher can say, "I see that there is one person that we are still waiting for to start the lesson." Similarly, an attention grabber is a helpful way to facilitate students and their focus. In math, for example, I often ask students questions like the following: show me 2 + 3 on your fingers.
Introduction — "I Do"
Here, the teacher models the concept to students.
Guided Practice — "We Do"
Independent Practice — "You Do"
Closing
The closing of the lesson is short and sweet. It can include a summary of the lesson, pointing out what students discovered and learned during the lesson. Then, it is followed by a transition to the next lesson.
